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Abraham Woodhull
Abraham Woodhull (October 7, 1750January 23, 1826) was a leading member of the American Culper Spy Ring in New York City and Setauket, New York during the American Revolution. He used the alias "Samuel Culper", later "Samuel Culper, Sr.," a play on Culpeper County, Virginia suggested by George Washington. The Culper Ring was a successful operation which provided Washington with valuable information on the British Army headquartered in and operating out of New York, from October 1778 until the end of the American Revolutionary War. After the United States gained independence, Woodhull served as a magistrate and a judge in Suffolk County, New York.
==Background==
Woodhull was a descendant of Richard Lawrence Woodhull, Esq., a wealthy settler of Setauket〔Rose, Alexander. ''Washington's Spies: The Story of America's First Spy Ring''. New York: Bantam Dell, a division of Random House, 2007. First published in hardcover in 2006. ISBN 978-0-553-38329-4. p. 79.〕 and a relative of New York militia Brigadier General Nathaniel Woodhull.〔Rose, 2007, pp. 84–87.〕 His parents were Judge Richard Woodhull (1712 – 1788) and Mary Woodhull (née Smith).〔Browning, Charles Henry. (''Americans of Royal Descent: A Collection of Genealogies of American Families Whose Lineage is Traced to the Legitimate Issue of Kings'' ). Philadelphia: Porter & Costes, 1891. . p. 6.〕
Woodhull served as a lieutenant in the Suffolk County, New York militia in the fall of 1775 but resigned after a few months.〔Rose, Alexander. ''Washington's Spies: The Story of America's First Spy Ring''. New York: Bantam Dell, a division of Random House, 2007. First published in hardcover in 2006. ISBN 978-0-553-38329-4. p. 84.〕 Woodhull was motivated by the murder of his older cousin, Brigadier General Nathaniel Woodhull of the New York militia, who was wounded by sword and bayonet cuts after being captured on August 29, 1776.〔Rose, 2007, p. 85.〕 According to some reports, General Woodhull was deprived of medical care and food and suffered an agonizing death on September 20, 1776.〔 Though he was inflamed against the British by this event, Abraham Woodhull did not immediately take up arms or begin spying. Not only was he more placid than some of his friends who joined the Continental Army at the outset of the war, but as the only surviving son of aging parents and brother of a sister still at home, the unmarried Woodhull stayed on the family farm to attend to his family and their property.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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